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Built in 1829 by James Bishop, this was one of the largest organs in the
country, in one of the largest new churches, and for a long time had the
most complete Pedal organ, as well as other innovations either unique
or most unusual. It had lain partly dismantled for the last 50 years,
but amazingly, most of the original parts survived, at least in part or
altered, strewn around the unused spaces at the west end of the galleries
of the church. Bishops had made some alterations in 1877, including turning
a GG organ into a C organ. In 1975, Bishop restored the Great organ,
and in 2002 Goetze and Gwynn restored the organ as close as possible to
1829 condition. The advisor was Ian Bell. The organ is a wonderful survival,
and will illuminate a period of music when church music was becoming more
elaborate, classical forms were being expanded for greater expressive
content, and the music of J.S.Bach was being explored for the first time
in Great Britain.
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| GREAT |
CHOIR |
SWELL |
PEDAL
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| Open
Diapason |
Open
Diapason |
Open
Diapason |
Double
pedal pipes |
| Open
Diapason |
Dulciana
to gamut g |
Open
Diapason |
Unison
pedal pipes |
| Stop
Diapason |
Stopped
Diapason |
Stopped
Diapason |
Trombone |
| Principal |
Principal |
Principal |
|
| Twelfth |
Fifteenth |
Cornet
5 ranks |
|
| Fifteenth |
Flute |
French
Horn |
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| Sesquialtera
3 ranks |
Cremona
treble |
Trumpet |
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| Furniture
2 ranks |
Bassoon
bass |
Hautboy |
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| Trumpet |
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| Clarion |
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| Couplers:
Swell to Great, Swell to Choir, Choir to Great, Great to
Pedals, Choir to Pedals |
| 3
composition pedals to Great Organ (full Great, Great without
reeds, Diapasons)
reversing shifting movement pedal for shutting off all the
Swell Organ stops except the diapasons
swell pedal (louvre swell shutters, ratchet for open position) |
Great
and Choir: GG – f3
Swell:
G – f3 (GG – F# play Choir keys)
Pedals
(including finger keyboard): GG - g
Pitch:
432Hz at 15°C
The
tuning was fixed from Swell pipes which appeared to have original
lengths. It is a modified form of the (approximately 1/5
comma meantone) system described by Bishop in a notebook he started
in 1807.
The
lower of the Swell Open Diapasons is a smaller scale than the
upper. The Bassoon is from GG – d° the Cremona from d# - f3. However, the pipes change shape (and
sound) between b° and c1.
Despite
the name, the Swell Cornet has no Tierce rank. The Great and
Choir Stopt Diapasons, and the Choir Flute, are open wood pipes
from c1 up. The Swell Stopt Diapason is stopped (with
pierced stoppers) to the top.
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